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缺一介词
① 有些动词后有时有介词，有时没有介词，可能混淆而缺一介词。如：attend a meeting, 但 attend ∧(to) the patient; prepare breakfast, 但 prepare∧ (for) the exam; join us, 但 join∧(in) a game.
② 表语形容词通常具有动词意义，很可能误以为是动词而漏掉介词。如：be afraid ∧(of) nothing, be present ∧(at) the meeting, be sure ∧(about) it。
③ except, instead of, from, since, till, until 后面可跟另一介词词组充当介词宾语，可能会漏掉第 2 个介词。如：He came on foot instead of ∧ (by) bike. big bear ran out from ∧ (behind) a tree.
④ hundreds, thousands 等后面可能漏掉 of。类似的还有millions ∧ (of), dozens ∧ (of), scores ∧ (of)
缺一连词
① 汉语常用意合法，分句与分句之间往往不用连词，但英语里不行。如：
It began to rain, ∧ (and) they had to stop the match. (如果中间用分号可不用连词)
It was late, ∧ (so) we went home.
You like sports, ∧ (while) I’d rather read.
He looked for the key, ∧ (but) didn’t find it.
② 受汉语影响，并列动词词组之间可能缺一个and。如：
She smiled ∧ (and) said good-bye to her father.
③ 名词性从句 that分句置于句首或作同位语时不可缺少连词。如：
∧ (That) she is beautiful is known to us all.
We heard the news ∧ (that) our team had won.
④ even 后可能缺少 if 或 though。如：
He walks as ∧ (if 或 though) he were drunk.
缺一代词
① 充当定语从句主语的关系代词不能缺少。如：
The accident ∧ (that) happened yesterday was very serious.
② 英语中用来替代前面的“the + 名词”的 that(单数)和 those(复数)，在汉语中往往很可能漏掉。如：
The population of China is much larger than ∧ (that) of Japan.
These shirts are expensive, but∧ (those) which we saw the other day were even more expensive.
缺一助动词或连系动词 be
① 表语不是名词时，可能缺少连系动词 be，因为汉语在这种情况下不用“是”。如：
He ∧ (is) afraid of his father.
The match ∧ (is) over.
② 被动语态中缺少助动词 be，成了主动语态。如：
He has ∧ (been) asked to sing in English.
③ 完成体中缺少助动词 have，成了一般过去时。如：
We realized that we ∧ (had) lost our way.
They ∧ (have) lived here since 1980.
④ 在倒装句中缺少助动词或情态动词。如：
Hardly ∧ (had) I reached the bus stop when the bus started.
Seldom ∧ (do) I get invited into the office alone.
Only in this way ∧ (can) you learn English well.
缺一冠词
① 在 such 或 so + 形容词与单数可数名词连用时，不可缺 a (an)。如：
He is such ∧ (an) honest boy that all of us like him.
This is so good ∧ (a) book that I read it again.
② 表示“有些”时，little, few前面不可缺少 a。如：
Don’t hurry. There is ∧ (a) little time left.
③ many 前有 great, good 时，要加 a。如：∧(a) great many people.若 many 后接单数名词，中间须有 a (an)。如：Many ∧ (a) man has tried it before.
④ 一些不可数名词前，有形容词修饰表示“一种(场)等”时，要加 a (an)。如：
It’s ∧ (a) famous Chinese tea.
There was∧ (a) heavy rain last night.
⑤ 用专有名词表示“一个像(叫)……的人”时，用 a (an), 如：
He wished to be ∧ (a) Lei Feng.
∧ (A) Mr Wang called you up just now.
⑥“形容词比较级 + of the two…”前必须用 the。如：
He is ∧ (the) better one of the two.
缺小品词 to
① 不定式充当各种成分，一般都不能缺少 to。如：
She went there ∧ (to) see her mother.
He asked me not ∧ (to) go there.
I have something important ∧ (to) tell you.
② make, let, have, see, hear, notice, observe, watch 等动词变成被动语态时，充当主语补足语的不定式前的 to需还原。如：
She was made ∧ (to) do heavy work.
The blind man was seen ∧ (to) cross the street.